數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版) [Digital Integrated Circuit Design From VLSI Architectures to CMOS Fa pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
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今天,集成電路設計技術高速發展,在各個領域得到廣泛應用,已經成為一種橫跨多學科的技術。《數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版)》從架構與算法講起,介紹瞭功能驗證、VHDL建模、同步電路設計、異步數據獲取、能耗與散熱、信號完整性、物理設計、設計驗證等必備技術,還講解瞭VLSI經濟與項目管理,並簡單闡釋瞭CMOS技術的基礎知識,全麵覆蓋瞭數字集成電路的整個設計開發過程。
作為一本教科書,《數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版)》嚮工程專業學生展示瞭數字VLSl設計之美。揭示瞭各種技術難點,使他們避免重復前人的錯誤;作為一本技術參考書,《數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版)》內容全麵,豐富的錶格、清單、電路圖和個案研究能夠幫助正在開發硬件電路的在職工程師更好地完成自己的設計。
《數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版)》特點
·涵蓋瞭數字VLSI設計的大部分問題
·從算法設計到晶圓生産,以自頂嚮下方式一一講述
·重點闡釋瞭流行的CMOS技術和靜態電路
·全麵覆蓋數字VLSI設計者需要知道的半導體物理知識
·圖文並茂,深度體現課堂教學和實際設計項目驗證的思想
內容簡介
《數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版)》從架構與算法講起,介紹瞭功能驗證、VHDL建模、同步電路設計、異步數據獲取、能耗與散熱、信號完整性、物理設計、設計驗證等必備技術,還講解瞭VLSI經濟運作與項目管理,並簡單闡釋瞭CMOS技術的基礎知識,全麵覆蓋瞭數字集成電路的整個設計開發過程。
《數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版)》既可作為高等院校微電子、電子技術等相關專業高年級師生和研究生的參考教材,也可供半導體行業工程師參考。
作者簡介
Hubert Kaeslin,1985年於瑞士蘇黎世聯邦理工學院獲得博士學位,現為該校微電子設計中心的負責人,具有20多年教授VLSI的豐富經驗。
內頁插圖
目錄
Chapter 1 Introduction to Microelectronics 1
1.1 Economic impact 1
1.2 Concepts and terminology 4
1.2.1 The Guinness book of records point of view 4
1.2.2 The marketing point of view 5
1.2.3 The fabrication point of view 6
1.2.4 The design engineers point of view 10
1.2.5 The business point of view 17
1.3 Design flow in digital VLSI 18
1.3.1 The Y-chart, a map of digital electronic systems 18
1.3.2 Major stages in VLSI design 19
1.3.3 Cell libraries 28
1.3.4 Electronic design automation software 29
1.4 Field-programmable logic 30
1.4.1 Configuration technologies 30
1.4.2 Organization of hardware resources 32
1.4.3 Commercial products 35
1.5 Problems 37
1.6 Appendix I: A brief glossary of logic families 38
1.7 Appendix II: An illustrated glossary of circuit-related terms 40
Chapter 2 From Algorithms to Architectures 44
2.1 The goals of architecture design 44
2.1.1 Agenda 45
2.2 The architectural antipodes 45
2.2.1 What makes an algorithm suitable for a dedicated VLSI architecture? 50
2.2.2 There is plenty of land between the architectural antipodes 53
2.2.3 Assemblies of general-purpose and dedicated processing units 54
2.2.4 Coprocessors 55
2.2.5 Application-specific instruction set processors 55
2.2.6 Configurable computing 58
2.2.7 Extendable instruction set processors 59
2.2.8 Digest 60
2.3 A transform approach to VLSI architecture design 61
2.3.1 There is room for remodelling in the algorithmic domain 62
2.3.2 ...and there is room in the architectural domain 64
2.3.3 Systems engineers and VLSI designers must collaborate 64
2.3.4 A graph-based formalism for describing processing algorithms 65
2.3.5 The isomorphic architecture 66
2.3.6 Relative merits of architectural alternatives 67
2.3.7 Computation cycle versus clock period 69
2.4 Equivalence transforms for combinational computations 70
2.4.1 Common assumptions 71
2.4.2 Iterative decomposition 72
2.4.3 Pipelining 75
2.4.4 Replication 79
2.4.5 Time sharing 81
2.4.6 Associativity transform 86
2.4.7 Other algebraic transforms 87
2.4.8 Digest 87
2.5 Options for temporary storage of data 89
2.5.1 Data access patterns 89
2.5.2 Available memory configurations and area occupation 89
2.5.3 Storage capacities 90
2.5.4 Wiring and the costs of going off-chip 91
2.5.5 Latency and timing 91
2.5.6 Digest 92
2.6 Equivalence transforms for nonrecursive computations 93
2.6.1 Retiming 94
2.6.2 Pipelining revisited 95
2.6.3 Systolic conversion 97
2.6.4 Iterative decomposition and time-sharing revisited 98
2.6.5 Replication revisited 98
2.6.6 Digest 99
2.7 Equivalence transforms for recursive computations 99
2.7.1 The feedback bottleneck 100
2.7.2 Unfolding of first-order loops 101
2.7.3 Higher-order loops 103
2.7.4 Time-variant loops 105
2.7.5 Nonlinear or general loops 106
2.7.6 Pipeline interleaving is not an equivalence transform 109
2.7.7 Digest 111
2.8 Generalizations of the transform approach 112
2.8.1 Generalization to other levels of detail 112
2.8.2 Bit-serial architectures 113
2.8.3 Distributed arithmetic 116
2.8.4 Generalization to other algebraic structures 118
2.8.5 Digest 121
2.9 Conclusions 122
2.9.1 Summary 122
2.9.2 The grand architectural alternatives from an energy point of view 124
2.9.3 A guide to evaluating architectural alternatives 126
2.10 Problems 128
2.11 Appendix I: A brief glossary of algebraic structures 130
2.12 Appendix II: Area and delay figures of VLSI subfunctions 133
Chapter 3 Functional Verification 136
3.1 How to establish valid functional specifications 137
3.1.1 Formal specification 138
3.1.2 Rapid prototyping 138
3.2 Developing an adequate simulation strategy 139
3.2.1 What does it take to uncover a design flaw during simulation? 139
3.2.2 Stimulation and response checking must occur automatically 140
3.2.3 Exhaustive verification remains an elusive goal 142
3.2.4 All partial verification techniques have their pitfalls 143
3.2.5 Collecting test cases from multiple sources helps 150
3.2.6 Assertion-based verification helps 150
3.2.7 Separating test development from circuit design helps 151
3.2.8 Virtual prototypes help to generate expected responses 153
3.3 Reusing the same functional gauge throughout the entire design cycle 153
3.3.1 Alternative ways to handle stimuli and expected responses 155
3.3.2 Modular testbench design 156
3.3.3 A well-defined schedule for stimuli and responses 156
3.3.4 Trimming run times by skipping redundant simulation sequences 159
3.3.5 Abstracting to higher-level transactions on higher-level data 160
3.3.6 Absorbing latency variations across multiple circuit models 164
3.4 Conclusions 166
3.5 Problems 168
3.6 Appendix I: Formal approaches to functional verification 170
3.7 Appendix II: Deriving a coherent schedule for simulation and test 171
Chapter 4 Modelling Hardware with VHDL 175
4.1 Motivation 175
4.1.1 Why hardware synthesis? 175
4.1.2 What are the alternatives to VHDL? 176
4.1.3 What are the origins and aspirations of the IEEE 1076 standard? 176
4.1.4 Why bother learning hardware description languages? 179
4.1.5 Agenda 180
4.2 Key concepts and constructs of VHDL 180
4.2.1 Circuit hierarchy and connectivity 181
4.2.2 Concurrent processes and process interaction 185
4.2.3 A discrete replacement for electrical signals 192
4.2.4 An event-based concept of time for governing simulation 200
4.2.5 Facilities for model parametrization 211
4.2.6 Concepts borrowed from programming languages 216
4.3 Putting VHDL to service for hardware synthesis 223
4.3.1 Synthesis overview 223
4.3.2 Data types 224
4.3.3 Registers, finite state machines, and other sequential subcircuits 225
4.3.4 RAMs, ROMs, and other macrocells 231
4.3.5 Circuits that must be controlled at the netlist level 233
4.3.6 Timing constraints 234
4.3.7 Limitations and caveats for synthesis 238
4.3.8 How to establish a register transfer-level model step by step 238
4.4 Putting VHDL to service for hardware simulation 242
4.4.1 Ingredients of digital simulation 242
4.4.2 Anatomy of a generic testbench 242
4.4.3 Adapting to a design problem at hand 245
4.4.4 The VITAL modelling standard IEEE 1076.4 245
4.5 Conclusions 247
4.6 Problems 248
4.7 Appendix I: Books and Web Pages on VHDL 250
4.8 Appendix II: Related extensions and standards 251
4.8.1 Protected shared variables IEEE 1076a 251
4.8.2 The analog and mixed-signal extension IEEE 1076.1 252
4.8.3 Mathematical packages for real and complex numbers IEEE 1076.2 253
4.8.4 The arithmetic packages IEEE 1076.3 254
4.8.5 A language subset earmarked for synthesis IEEE 1076.6 254
4.8.6 The standard delay format (SDF) IEEE 1497 254
4.8.7 A handy compilation of type conversion functions 255
4.9 Appendix III: Examples of VHDL models 256
4.9.1 Combinational circuit models 256
4.9.2 Mealy, Moore, and Medvedev machines 261
4.9.3 State reduction and state encoding 268
4.9.4 Simulation testbenches 270
4.9.5 Working with VHDL tools from different vendors 285
Chapter 5 The Case for Synchronous Design 286
5.1 Introduction 286
5.2 The grand alternatives for regulating state changes 287
5.2.1 Synchronous clocking 287
5.2.2 Asynchronous clocking 288
5.2.3 Self-timed clocking 288
5.3 Why a rigorous approach to clocking is essential in VLSI 290
5.3.1 The perils of hazards 290
5.3.2 The pros and cons of synchronous clocking 291
5.3.3
數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版) [Digital Integrated Circuit Design From VLSI Architectures to CMOS Fa 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書
數字集成電路設計:從VLSI體係結構到CMOS製造(英文版) [Digital Integrated Circuit Design From VLSI Architectures to CMOS Fa pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載