著    者：（美）Joshua Bloch（約書亞·布洛剋）

作 譯 者：Joshua Bloch（約書亞·布洛剋）

齣版時間：2018-06    韆 字 數：506

版    次：01-01    頁    數：404

開    本：16開

裝    幀：

I S B N ：9787121342608     

換    版：

所屬分類：科技 >> 計算機 >> 編程語言

紙質書定價：￥99.0 

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 Creating and Destroying Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors . . . 5

Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor parameters . .. . . . . . . . 10

Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private constructor or an enum type . . .  . . . . . . . .  . . . . 17

Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor . . . . 19

Item 5: Prefer dependency injection to hardwiring resources . . . . 20

Item 6: Avoid creating unnecessary objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Item 7: Eliminate obsolete object references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Item 8: Avoid finalizers and cleaners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Item 9: Prefer try-with-resources to try-finally. . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3 Methods Common to All Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Item 10: Obey the general contract when overriding equals . . . . . 37

Item 11: Always override hashCode when you override equals . . 50

Item 12: Always override toString . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Item 13: Override clone judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Item 14: Consider implementing Comparable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

4 Classes and Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Item 15: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members . . . . . 73

Item 16: In public classes, use accessor methods, not public fields 78

Item 17: Minimize mutability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Item 18: Favor composition over inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Item 19: Design and document for inheritance or else prohibit it 93

Item 20: Prefer interfaces to abstract classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Item 21: Design interfaces for posterity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Item 22: Use interfaces only to define types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Item 23: Prefer class hierarchies to tagged classes . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Item 24: Favor static member classes over nonstatic . . . . . . . . . . 112

Item 25: Limit source files to a single top-level class . . . . . . . . . 115

5 Generics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Item 26: Don’t use raw types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Item 27: Eliminate unchecked warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Item 28: Prefer lists to arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Item 29: Favor generic types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Item 30: Favor generic methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Item 31: Use bounded wildcards to increase API flexibility . . . . 139

Item 32: Combine generics and varargs judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . 146

Item 33: Consider typesafe heterogeneous containers . . . . . . . . . 151

6 Enums and Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Item 34: Use enums instead of int constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Item 35: Use instance fields instead of ordinals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Item 36: Use EnumSet instead of bit fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

Item 37: Use EnumMap instead of ordinal indexing. . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Item 38: Emulate extensible enums with interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Item 39: Prefer annotations to naming patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Item 40: Consistently use the Override annotation. . . . . . . . . . . 188

Item 41: Use marker interfaces to define types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

7 Lambdas and Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Item 42: Prefer lambdas to anonymous classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Item 43: Prefer method references to lambdas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Item 44: Favor the use of standard functional interfaces . . . . . . . 199

Item 45: Use streams judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Item 46: Prefer side-effect-free functions in streams . . . . . . . . . . 210

Item 47: Prefer Collection to Stream as a return type. . . . . . . . . . 216

Item 48: Use caution when making streams parallel . . . . . . . . . . 222

8 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Item 49: Check parameters for validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Item 50: Make defensive copies when needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Item 51: Design method signatures carefully . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Item 52: Use overloading judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

Item 53: Use varargs judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays, not nulls . . . . . . . . . 247

Item 55: Return optionals judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

Item 56: Write doc comments for all exposed API elements . . . . 254

9 General Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Item 57: Minimize the scope of local variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Item 58: Prefer for-each loops to traditional for loops . . . . . . . . . 264

Item 59: Know and use the libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Item 60: Avoid float and double if exact answers are required . 270

Item 61: Prefer primitive types to boxed primitives . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Item 62: Avoid strings where other types are more appropriate . . 276

Item 63: Beware the performance of string concatenation . . . . . . 279

Item 64: Refer to objects by their interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

Item 65: Prefer interfaces to reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Item 66: Use native methods judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Item 67: Optimize judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

Item 68: Adhere to generally accepted naming conventions . . . . . 289

10 Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

Item 69: Use exceptions only for exceptional conditions . . . . . . . 293

Item 70: Use checked exceptions for recoverable conditions and runtime exceptions for programming errors . .  296

Item 71: Avoid unnecessary use of checked exceptions . . . . . . . . 298

Item 72: Favor the use of standard exceptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300

Item 73: Throw exceptions appropriate to the abstraction. . . . . . . 302

Item 74: Document all exceptions thrown by each method. . . . . . 304

Item 75: Include failure-capture information in detail messages. . 306

Item 76: Strive for failure atomicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Item 77: Don’t ignore exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

11 Concurrency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

Item 78: Synchronize access to shared mutable data . . . . . . . . . . 311

Item 79: Avoid excessive synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Item 80: Prefer executors, tasks, and streams to threads . . . . . . . 323

Item 81: Prefer concurrency utilities to wait and notify . . . . . . 325

Item 82: Document thread safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

Item 83: Use lazy initialization judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Item 84: Don’t depend on the thread scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336

12 Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

Item 85: Prefer alternatives to Java serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

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