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內容簡介

This volume covers approximately the amount of point-set topology that a student who does not intend to specialize in the field should nevertheless know.This is not a whole lot， and in condensed form would occupy perhaps only a small booklet. Our aim， however， was not economy of words， but a lively presentation of the ideas involved， an appeal to intuition in both the immediate and the higher meanings.

內頁插圖

目錄

Introduction
1.what is point-set topology about?
2.origin and beginnings
Chapter Ⅰ fundamental concepts
1.the concept of a topological space
2.metric spaces
3.subspaces, disjoint unions and products
4.rases and subbases
5.continuous maps
6.connectedness
7.the hausdorff separation axiom
8.compactness

Chapter Ⅱ topological vector spaces
1.the notion of a topological vector space
2.finite-dimensional vector spaces
3.hilbert spaces
4.banach spaces
5.frechet spaces
6.locally convex topological vector spaces
7.a couple of examples

Chapter Ⅲ the quotient topology
1.the notion of a quotient space
2.quotients and maps
3.properties of quotient spaces
4.examples: homogeneous spaces
5.examples: orbit spaces
6.examples: collapsing a subspace to a point
7.examples: gluing topological spaces together

Chapter Ⅳ completion of metric spaces
1.the completion of a metric space
2.completion of a map
3.completion of normed spaces

Chapter Ⅴ homotopy
1.homotopic maps
2.homotopy equivalence
3.examples
4.categories
5.functors
6.what is algebraic topology?
7.homotopy--what for?
Chapter Ⅵ the two countability axioms
1.first and second countability axioms
2.infinite products
3.the role of the countability axioms
Chapter Ⅶ cw-complexes
1.simplicial complexes
2.cell decompositions
3.the notion of a cw-complex
4.subcomplexes
5.cell attaching
6.why cw-complexes are more flexible
7.yes, but...?

Chapter Ⅷ construction of continuous functions on topological spaces
1.the urysohn lemma
2.the proof of the urysohn lemma
3.the tietze extension lemma
4.partitions of unity and vector bundle sections
5.paracompactness

Chapter Ⅸ covering spaces
1.topological spaces over x
2.the concept of a covering space
3.path lifting
4.introduction to the classification of covering spaces
5.fundamental group and lifting behavior
6.the classification of covering spaces
7.covering transformations and universal cover
8.the role of covering spaces in mathematics

Chapter Ⅹ the theorem of tychonoff
1.an unlikely theorem?
2.what is it good for?
3.the proof
last Chapter
set theory （by theodor br6cker）
references
table of symbols
index

前言/序言

拓撲學 [Topology] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書

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有關拓撲學的一些內容早在十八世紀就齣現瞭。那時候發現一些孤立的問題，後來在拓撲學的形成中占著重要的地位。譬如哥尼斯堡七橋問題、多麵體的歐拉定理、四色問題等都是拓撲學發展史的重要問題。 七橋問題 主條目：七橋問題 哥尼斯堡七橋問題 哥尼斯堡是東普魯士的首都，普萊格爾河橫貫其中。十八世紀在這條河上建有七座橋，將河中間的兩個島和河岸聯結起來。一天有人提齣：能不能每座橋都隻走一遍，最後又迴到原來的位置。這個看起來很簡單又很有趣的問題吸引瞭大傢，很多人在嘗試各種各樣的走法，但誰也沒有做到。 1736年，有人帶著這個問題找到瞭當時的大數學傢歐拉，歐拉經過一番思考，很快就用一種獨特的方法給齣瞭解答。這是拓撲學的“先聲”。[1] 歐拉定理 拓撲學 在拓撲學的發展曆史中，還有一個著名而且重要的關於多麵體的定理也和歐拉有關。

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學習數學基礎，溫故而知新

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