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內容簡介

　　《美國公民讀本（英漢雙語版）》是美國著名教育傢、曆史學傢，芝加哥大學第二任校長哈裏·Ｐ·賈德森教授為美國教師和學生寫作的一本通俗公民讀本。它具有雙重功能：一方麵讓學生通過此書得到閱讀訓練，同時讓他們從書中獲取更多知識。
　　作為一本公民讀本，書中對愛國精神、公民權利與自由、政府機構及其運行、財政稅收、公共管理等進行瞭闡述。當然作者寫作此書的本意並非構建一部公民學或曆史學的大作，而是一種通俗普及讀本。在講述這些知識時，當然會涉及美國曆史，因為書中概括的這些公民常識，都是曆史地、動態地形成的，每一個都淵源有自、可成為案例援引。書中各章節還插入瞭與該時期曆史文化相關的美國名傢筆下的文學篇章。讓本書內容更加豐富而具可讀性。
　　正如作者所言："寫作此讀本，旨在嚮讀者傳授純粹的愛國精神與公民智慧。"國內齣版的雙語版，也本著兩個目的：一是讓學生通過閱讀，英文水平得到提高；二是拓寬其知識和視野，成為一位卓越的世界公民。

作者簡介

作者：(美國)哈裏？P？賈德森 譯者：洪友 哈裏？P？賈德森(1849-1927)美國著名教育傢和曆史學傢、芝加哥大學第二任校長，其研究方嚮主要為憲法和外交史。 賈德森齣生於紐約詹姆斯鎮，畢業於威廉姆斯學院，後從事教育工作，1885－1892年在明尼蘇達大學擔任曆史學與教育學教授，後任芝加哥大學政治科學教授兼係主任，以及藝術、文學與科學係教授兼係主任。 芝加哥大學創始人兼校長威廉？哈珀欣賞賈德森教授廣博的研究領域與治學風格，邀他加入芝加哥大學。賈德森教授也被哈珀校長卓越的教育規劃所吸引。1892年，賈德森從明尼蘇達大學來到芝加哥大學，幫助組建芝加哥大學的教育體係與規劃，與哈珀共同領導和管理芝加哥大學。1906年哈珀去世，賈德森接任校長，直至1923年退休。 賈德森教授寫作瞭不少著作，除學術之作外，他還為美國學生編寫瞭一些經典讀物，如《美國公民讀本》和《美國學生文學讀本》(1－8級)等。

內頁插圖

目錄

CHAPTER I Our Country
CHAPTER II The Republic
CHAPTER III Laws and Their Makers
CHAPTER IV What We Mean by Government
CHAPTER V How the People of Europe Found America and Came to Live in It
CHAPTER VI National Independence
CHAPTER VII A Federal Republic
CHAPTER VIII American Home Rule
CHAPTER IX The Law-Makers
CHAPTER X How Laws Are Enforced
CHAPTER XI The President's Cabinet
CHAPTER XII How Laws Are Enforced in the States
CHAPTER XIII Judge and Jury
CHAPTER XIV How the Government Gets Money
CHAPTER XV Who We Are
CHAPTER XVI Who Are Our Rulers
APPEND A Brief Account of the Constitution of the United States
PART II 中文閱讀
CHAPTER 01 我們的祖國
CHAPTER 02 共和國
CHAPTER 03 法律和立法者
CHAPTER 04 政府對我們的地位是怎樣界定的
CHAPTER 05 歐洲人怎樣發現美洲並遷居於此
CHAPTER 06 民族獨立
CHAPTER 07 一個聯邦製的共和國
CHAPTER 08 美國的地方自治
CHAPTER 09 立法者
CHAPTER 10 法律是怎樣執行的
CHAPTER 11 總統內閣
CHAPTER 12 法律在各州是怎樣執行的
CHAPTER 13 法官和陪審團
CHAPTER 14 政府怎樣籌錢
CHAPTER 15 我們是誰
CHAPTER 16 誰統治我們

精彩書摘

　　CHAPTER I　Our Country
　　1. Why We Love Our Country. Every good American citizen loves his country and is proud of it. We have very good reasons both for the love and for the pride. Ours is one of the greatest nations of the world, in area of territory, in number of people, in wealth and in power. We also think that the citizens of the great republic are among the most intelligent in the world. Free public schools make it possible for every one to get some sort of an education, and books and newspapers are found in every home. But better still is the liberty which we enjoy. We have no king or emperor to rule over us. We choose our own officers of state, who, indeed, are not our rulers, but are merely public servants. In some countries the police are constantly interfering with people. A public meeting cannot be held without the consent of the police. The police watch the hotel registers and keep careful track of all strangers. If a club or a debating society is formed, the police have to be notified. Then, too, every young man has to spend several years as a soldier-for most of the nations of Europe keep vast armies always ready for war. Now, with us the policeman and the soldier are much less prominent. As long as one is not a thief or some other sort of criminal, the police let one quite alone. And no one in our country needs to be a soldier at all. Our few soldiers are all volunteers. In short, we live in a free land, in which every one may live his life in his own way, so long as he does not interfere with the rights of his neighbors.
　　2. These are some reasons for loving our country. There are many other reasons too, but perhaps these are enough to show what we mean. Still, it may be as well to add one more-it is our home. There are few words dearer to any genuine man or woman than home. But just as the home is the center of the life of the family, so our country is the center of the nation's life. It is our home land-the land of our fathers and mothers, of our brothers and sisters. And he is a poor ingrate who does not dearly love his home.
　　3. What We Mean by a Patriot. A patriot is one who loves his fatherland-his country. People show patriotism in various ways. In time of war, when the national safety is menaced by a public enemy, men are ready to enter the army and to give their lives, if need be, in defense of their country. A true patriot, too, is pleased by everything which reflects credit on his homeland. He is anxious that its public affairs shall be stained with no meanness or dishonor. He is anxious that its government shall always be just and generous in dealing with the governments of other nations. He does not wish an advantage secured from any other nation, especially from a weaker one, by wanton violence or by fraud. He is delighted with every advance of his country in the arts of civilization, and pained at the triumph of evil men or of vicious measures. And he is always ready to do what he can to make his country better or stronger or safer.
　　4. What a Patriot is Not. We have seen some of the reasons which an American has for being proud of his country. But in order to be a patriot it is not at all necessary to be a boaster. Indeed, a true patriot is so sure of the solid merit of his country that he does not need to say much about it. If a man is in the habit of talking about his own honesty, it leads others to suspect that perhaps after all he is trying to cover up a streak of dishonesty. At any rate, bragging is a weak and foolish habit. And bragging of one's country is quite as foolish as it is for a boy to boast of his father's wealth or of his sister's beauty.
　　5. Neither is it a sign of patriotism to despise other countries. We may love our own the best, but one who does not know that other countries also are great and powerful and famous, is merely very ignorant. If we respect other nations for their good qualities, we are all the better fitted to understand and admire the like qualities in our own.
　　6. Sneering at other races is no sign of patriotism. Boys and girls sometimes are apt to think themselves better than one of their mates who was born in a foreign land, and to show their superiority by using for him some sort of foolish nickname. But this is very silly. Is he a German? The Germans have some of the greatest names and have done some of the greatest deeds in all history. Is he an Italian? Italy is a beautiful land, famous for some of the finest painters and musicians, and for some of the wisest statesmen and the bravest soldiers of any land. Is he a Jew? They are a wonderful people, and a list of the great men who are Jews would be a very long one. Indeed, one may well be glad and proud to belong to any of these races, or of many others which might be mentioned.
　　7.What a Patriot Should Know. It is not enough for a patriot to think that his country is a very good and comfortable land. No opinion is worth much unless it comes from actual knowledge. It is a very commonly observed fact that the more ignorant people are, the more they are stuffed with prejudices. But prejudice is merely a strong opinion which is formed with a very scanty basis of knowledge. Now, in fact, no opinion is worth much, as we said, unless it belongs to one who knows what he is talking about. A jeweler who has spent all his life in a city, probably would not know much about farming. If, then, he should go into the country and begin giving a farmer advice about the management of his crops, the farmer would laugh at him. The jeweler's opinion about repairing a watch would doubtless be better than the farmer's, but, on the other hand, the farmer would be apt to know more about planting corn. In other words, it is knowledge that gives an opinion its value.
　　8. Then, our opinions about our country are not worth very much unless we know something of its history. We ought to know how it is governed, how the laws are made, how they are enforced, what the courts are and how they do their work, what are the rights of a citizen and what are not his rights. We ought to know how our country came to be what it is, who are some of the great men it has produced, and what they have done. With some of this knowledge our opinions are much less likely to be mere prejudices.
　　9. There is another important reason for knowing something about the way in which our country is governed. With us about every man of full age, that is, twenty-one years old or over, is a voter. The most of all public officers are elected. And a voter is not very useful whose ideas of what he is voting for are in a fog. He is easily led by shrewd and unscrupulous demagogues; he is simply a tool, a slave. It is often said that knowledge is power. We might add that knowledge of public affairs is liberty.
　　10. The Flag. Every nation has a flag of its own, with 美國公民讀本（英漢雙語版） 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書

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英語教學越來越受到人們的普遍重視。隨著時代的發展和社會的進步，英語已從一種工具變成瞭一種思想，一種知識庫。沒有掌握英語猶如缺乏一種思想，缺少瞭一個重要的知識源泉。可以這樣說，學會英語，不但多瞭一雙眼睛，一對耳朵，和一條舌頭，甚至是多瞭一個頭腦!因為語言是人類思維的工具，認識世界的工具，掌握一種語言也即掌握瞭一種觀察和認識世界的方法和習慣。 從事初中教學工作的我，結閤日常工作中的點點滴滴，總結以下幾點： 第一：在實踐教學中，學生在英語學習中，未切實領會到英語學校的重要性。這成為教學過程中首要要提高學生對學習重要性的認識。尤其中國的學生在英語學習中對口語的重視很不夠，給英語的提高帶來瞭很大的阻力。我認為最主要的就是思想認識不夠, 也就是輕視口語。很多學生學英語隻是為瞭應對考試,而考試中恰恰沒有口語過關這一項, 因此他們認為練習口語是根本沒必要的, 而事實上, 也有某些老師也持有這樣的觀點, 學生口語的好壞並不能說明他們教學水平的高低, 所以在教學中, 他們就自然而然地采用瞭一些“實用性”的教學手段, 比如做大量的練習題和作業, 而新教材中那些大量的口語練習被他們認為“無用”而被“拋棄”在一邊瞭, 因此,“啞巴英語”並未從根本上解決。學生的自身原因也會影響到口語的練習。其中有很多學生在課堂上根本不張口說英語, 因為他們害怕犯一些語音或語法方麵的錯誤, 害怕暴露自己的弱點, 他們過於在意他人的看法, 在這種情況下, 很自然地就采取瞭一些極端的做法. 此外, 還有這樣的學生, 他們本身性格內嚮、不願與人溝通、自卑感強、自信心不足, 即使用漢語交流他們都不願參加,就更不用說開口說英語瞭, 這樣, 他們越怕越不敢說, 越不敢說越不會說, 長此以往,他們就很難跳齣這個“圈”。 第二，針對這種普遍的情況，在實踐的英語教學中有一些自己的體會和認識。首先，培養學生對口語的興趣。興趣是最好的老師。興趣不僅會影響到口語練習的效果, 而且關係到學生上課的心情, 對待上課的態度。我們隻有想辦法使學生對口語産生濃厚的興趣, 增加口語學習的趣味性, 他們纔會積極主動地投入到口語教學中來, 纔能激發他們練習口語的動機。其次，閤理利用教材, 使教學內容貼近學生生活在教學中, 學生對教學內容是否感興趣會直接影響到他們的聽課狀態, 因此, 我們要找學生熟悉、感興趣的話題, 而且要把教材內容內化成自己的東西, 在變換形式把它們交給學生, 因為我們是在用教材而不是在教教材。現在我們所使用的新教材幾乎每一單元都與日常生活相關, 這就為我們的教學提供瞭很大方便, 起碼可以讓學生們覺得有話可說。在這種情況下,我們可以適當多加入口語練習這一部分,就他們感興趣的內容多說多練。 口語的提高不是一蹴而就的, 而是需要長期的訓練。教師要時刻對學生進行語音、語調方麵的指導, 還要采用多種方式,組織學生進行口語練習。 而且通過這些活動, 可以使每一個學生都能參與到課堂教學中來。最重要的是努力構建一個和諧而融洽的師生關係。我們都瞭解這樣一個簡單的道理：如果學生喜歡某一位老師，那他就會喜歡這個老師的一切，包括他的課程，上課的方式方法以及老師的愛好等，即所謂的“親師性”，那麼學生自然就會下大功夫，花大力氣來學習這門課程，因而效果比較顯著，這大概就是我們常說的“愛屋及烏”吧！反之，如果他們不喜歡某一位老師，由於逆反心理的左右，使得學生也就不願學，甚至不學這位老師所帶的課程，這種現象也是我們平時屢見不鮮的。所以教師要深入到學生中，和學生緊密團結在一起，瞭解學生的興趣，愛好，特長以及情緒的變化等，時時處處關心，愛護學生，尊重和理解學生，適時適地地幫助學生，讓學生有一種親近感，這樣不僅可以成為他們尊敬的師長，也可以成為親密無間的朋友。但如果遇到個彆有問題、有缺點的學生應及時運用恰當而巧妙的方法加以批評教育，做到既不傷害他們的自尊心，又讓他們認識到自己的缺點和不足，以此來促進其改正。這樣做定會構建一個和諧而又融洽的師生關係。

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送貨非常及時，上午下單，晚上就送到瞭，這是京東購物我最看重的！不過昨天的一個訂單，今天卻還沒送到，不知京東是不是忙亂瞭，臨近春節，可以理解和接受，如果是平常，我對京東的評價就要打摺扣瞭。書包裝的很好，沒有缺點，不錯！

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還是挺有趣的。 有什麼事能像閱讀一樣做起來簡單卻成效顯著呢？　　讀書給孩子聽就像和孩子說話，同樣基於以下的理由：樹立孩子的信心，帶來歡笑，拉近彼此的距離；告訴孩子信息或嚮孩子解釋問題，引發孩子的好奇心，激勵孩子。在朗讀中，我們還可以：　　·在孩子的腦海中，將閱讀與愉悅聯係在一起。　　·創造背景知識。　　·建立詞匯基礎。　　·樹立一個閱讀的典範。　　讓我們看看終身閱讀者是如何培養齣來的。許多教育界人士忽略瞭兩項有關閱讀的基本“人生事實”。少瞭這兩個定律的相互作用，教育改革的成效將微乎其微。　　閱讀定律一：人類是喜歡享樂的。　　閱讀定律二：閱讀是積纍漸進的技能。　　現在我們來研究定律一：人類是喜歡享樂的。對於能給自己帶來快樂的事，人們會自願地反復去做。我們去自己喜歡的餐廳，點自己喜歡的食物，聽自己喜歡的音樂電颱，探望自己喜歡的親戚。反之，對於自己討厭的食物、音樂及親戚，我們則避之唯恐不及。這不僅是一條定律，更是一個心理上的事實。當我們的感官將電子與化學信息發送到大腦中的“有趣區”或“無趣區”時，人就會作齣正麵或負麵的反應。　　美國自然曆史博物館一位傑齣的動物心理學傢，將所有行為分成兩種簡單的反應：接近與迴避。我們接近帶來快樂的事，迴避帶來痛苦或不愉快的事。　　愉快就像膠水一樣，能粘住我們的注意力，但隻朝喜歡的方嚮吸引。當欣賞一部電影時，我們就會沉浸其中；不再喜歡時，這種投入的情緒即告中斷。這種情況幾乎適用於所有我們願意去做的事。每當我們給孩子朗讀時，就會發送一個“愉悅”信息到孩子的腦中，甚至將之稱為“廣告”亦不為過，因為朗讀讓孩子把書本、印刷品與愉悅畫上等號。然而，很多時候，“不愉快”卻和“閱讀”

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作為一本公民讀本，書中對愛國精神、公民權利與自由、政府機構及其運行、財政稅收、公共管理等進行瞭闡述。當然作者寫作此書的本意並非構建一部公民學或曆史學的大作，而是一種通俗普及讀本。在講述這些知識時，當然會涉及美國曆史，因為書中概括的這些公民常識，都是曆史地、動態地形成的，每一個都淵源有自、可成為案例援引。書中各章節還插入瞭與該時期曆史文化相關的美國名傢筆下的文學篇章。讓本書內容更加豐富而具可讀性。

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包裝不錯，沒看呢

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