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《希利爾講世界曆史》是美國乃至全世界生動的曆史教材,是卡爾沃特教育體係的典範之作。今天,它仍然是每一個喜歡讀書、渴望瞭解世界的孩子的課外讀物。
內容簡介
給孩子看的曆史讀物,多是不成係統的曆史故事,要麼就是曆史事件縮寫。希利爾首創編年史的講述方式:他兼顧曆史事件和曆史人物,行文中滲透曆史年代的概念,讓孩子們瞭解時代全貌、認識曆史全景。書中所倡導時間樓梯、人名重復、隨文發問等方式,皆彆開生麵,有助於孩子對曆史的有效認知和思考。希利爾的講述新穎有趣,令人有身臨其境之感。讀過此書,孩子們心中便有瞭一幅曆史地圖,一架時間樓梯,站在此刻,迴顧漫長歲月中曾經有過的人和故事,他們會對世界曆史有一個切近明晰的瞭解。
作者簡介
希利爾(V.M.Hillyer),美國傑齣教育傢,畢生從事中小學教育,酷愛曆史和藝術,喜歡旅行。齣生於馬薩諸塞州韋茅斯。哈佛大學本科畢業後,在紐約的布朗寜學校教瞭兩年書,隨後遷往巴爾的摩,成為卡爾沃特學校的D一任校長。希利爾創建的小學函授教育體係,即“卡爾沃特學校體係”,惠及世界各地的政府雇員、領事、軍官和傳教士的子女。當維吉爾希利爾校長於1899年到卡爾沃特學校走馬上任時,他還是一個年僅二十四歲的毛頭小夥兒。然而,他有著一顆教師的心——一種天生的異能,瞭解孩子們需要什麼,知道如何講孩子纔能聽明白,以及孩子成長的規律是什麼。希利爾認為,孩子們寫作、閱讀和數學的基礎必須夯實。在此基礎上,他認為學生應當接受曆史、藝術、地理和科學的係統教育,意在培育熟稔周遭世界各個方麵的全麵型學生。希利爾痛感傳統教科書的枯燥無味,立誌為孩子編寫一套讀起來興味盎然的曆史、地理和藝術讀物,這便是《希利爾講世界史》、《希利爾講世界地理》、《希利爾講藝術史》。歐陽瑾,男,1972年生於湖南,畢業於北京語言大學對外漢語專業,熱愛並多年從事翻譯工作,已單獨翻譯或者與人閤譯瞭多部作品,齣版瞭《重壓下的優雅——海明威中短篇小說精選》(湖南文藝齣版社,2012年)、《正嚮思考力》(人民郵電齣版社,2014年)、《海權論》(中國言實齣版社,2015年)、《強勢》(江蘇文藝齣版社,2014)等譯著。
精彩書評
維吉爾M.希利爾,這位卡爾弗特學校的校長,他開發小學教育體係,為他贏得瞭世界性的聲譽。
——《紐約時報》
拋開科學不論,曆史、地理和藝術其實是孩子一生學識的基石:曆史是時間的縱深,地理是空間上的廣闊,藝術則是孩子心靈的寄托。
——維吉爾M.希利爾
孩子們每次求著我給他們講書裏的曆史故事。我再也不用拿繩子綁著他們聽課啦!
——網站讀者說
目錄
PREFACE/引 言 1
INTRODUCTION/導 言 2
1 How Things Started/萬物起源 10
2 People Who Lived in Caves/生活在洞穴裏的人 15
3 Fire! Fire!! Fire!!!/火!火!!火!!! 20
4 From an Airplane/從飛機上嚮下看 24
5 Real History Begins/真正的曆史由此開始 28
6 The Puzzle Writers in Egypt/埃及謎語 33
7 The Tomb Builders/修建墳墓的人 38
8 A Rich Land Where There Was No Money/沒有錢的富庶之地 43
9 The Jews Search for a Home/猶太人尋找傢園 48
10 Fairy-Tale Gods/神話傳說中的神靈 53
11 A Fairy-Tale War/一場傳說中的戰爭 59
12 The Kings of the Jews/猶太諸王 63
13 The People Who Made Our A B C’s/發明文字的人 67
14 Hard as Nails/鐵石心腸 71
15 The Crown of Leaves/桂冠 76
16 A Bad Beginning/邪惡的開端 80
17 Kings with Corkscrew Curls/一頭捲發的國王 84
18 A City of Wonders and Wickedness/奇跡和邪惡並存的城市 87
19 A Surprise Party/宴會奇襲 90
20 The Other Side of the World: India/世界的另一邊:印度 94
21 All the Way Around the World in China/概說中國 97
22 Rich Man, Poor Man/富人、窮人 100
23 Rome Kicks Out Her Kings/羅馬廢除國王 104
24 Greece vs. Persia/希臘對波斯 108
25 Fighting Mad/戰爭狂人 114
26 One Against a Thousand/以一敵韆 118
27 The Golden Age/黃金時代 123
28 When Greek Meets Greek/當希臘人遇上希臘人 129
29 Wise Men and Otherwise/智者與庸人 133
30 A Boy King/少年國王 138
31 Picking a Fight/挑起爭端 143
32 The Boot Kicks and Stamps/“靴子”左右齣擊 147
33 The New Champion of the World/新的世界霸主 150
34 The Noblest Roman of Them All/最高貴的羅馬人 156
35 An Emperor Who Was Made a God/被奉為神靈的皇帝 162
36 “Thine Is the Kingdom, the Power, and the Glory”/“國度、權柄和
榮耀,全是你的” 167
37 Blood and Thunder/鮮血與雷霆 172
38 A Good Emperor and a Bad Son/好皇帝,壞兒子 178
39 I_H_ _S_ _ _ _ V_ _ _ _ _/I_H__S____V_____ 182
40 Barbarian Invaders/野蠻的侵略者 186
41 Barbarians Meet the Champions of the World/野蠻人碰上瞭世界霸主 191
42 New Places — New Heroes/新的地方,新的英雄 196
43 Being Good/為善 199
44 A Christian Kingdom in Africa/非洲的基督教王國 204
45 Muhammad and the Early Years of Islam/穆罕默德和早期的伊斯蘭教 208
46 Arabian Days/阿拉伯時代 214
47 Two Empires, Two Emperors/兩個帝國,兩位皇帝 219
48 Getting a Start/剛剛起步 224
49 The End of the World/世界末日 228
50 Real Castles/真正的城堡 231
51 Knights and Days of Chivalry/騎士和騎士時代 236
52 A Pirate’s Great Grandson/瞭不起的海盜後裔 241
53 A Great Adventure/一場偉大的探險 247
54 Tick-Tack-Toe; Three Kings in a Row/井字過三關;連續三王 251
55 Three Kingdoms in West Africa/西非三王國 257
56 Bibles Made of Stone and Glass/石頭與玻璃製成的《聖經》 262
57 John, Whom Nobody Loved/沒人喜歡的約翰 267
58 A Great Story Teller/瞭不起的故事先生 271
59 “Thing-a-ma-jigger” and “What-cher-may-call-it”or a Magic Needle and a
Magic Powder/“小小裝置”和“無名之物”,或者魔針和魔粉 275
60 Thelon Gest Wart Hate Verwas/史上最久的戰爭 278
61 Print and Powder or Off with the Old, On with the New/印刷術和火藥——
棄舊迎新 283
62 A Sailor Who Found a New World/發現新大陸的水手 286
63 Fortune Hunters/淘金的人 293
64 The Land of Enchantment or the Search for Gold and Adventure/魅力之地:
尋寶與冒險 300
65 Along the Coast of East Africa/東非沿海 304
66 Rebirth/重生 310
67 Christians Quarrel/基督徒反目 315
68 Queen Elizabeth/伊麗莎白女王 320
69 The Age of Elizabeth/伊麗莎白時代 325
70 James the Servant or What’s in a Name?/公僕詹姆斯 329
71 A King Who Lost His Head/掉瞭腦袋的國王 334
72 Red Cap and Red Heels/紅帽子、紅鞋跟 338
73 A Self-Made Man/白手起傢的人 343
74 A Prince Who Ran Away/離傢齣走的王子 347
75 America Gets Rid of Her King/美國擺脫瞭國王 351
76 /天翻地覆 357
77 A Little Giant/小個子巨人 363
78 Latin America and the Caribbean Islands/拉丁美洲和加勒比群島 369
79 From Pan and His Pipes to the Phonograph/從潘及其排笛到留聲機 378
80 The Daily Papers of 1854—1865/1854—1865年間的日報 384
81 Three New Postage Stamps/三枚新郵票 389
82 The Age of Miracles/奇跡時代 393
83 A Different Kind of Revolution/另類革命 398
84 A World at War/戰火蔓延的世界 404
85 A Short Twenty Years/二十年,彈指一揮間 408
86 Modern Barbarians/現代“蠻子” 415
87 Fighting the Dictators/對抗獨裁者 421
88 A New Spirit in the World/全球新精神 427
89 A New BIG POWER in the World/一個新的世界大國 432
90 Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow/昨天、今天和明天 437
精彩書摘
Once upon a time there was a boy —
Just like me.
He had to stay in bed in the morning until seven o’clock until his father and mother were ready to get up;
So did I.
As he was always awake long before this time, he used to lie there and think about all sorts of curious things;
So did I.
One thing he used to wonder was this:
What would the world be like if there were —
No fathers and mothers,
No uncles and aunts,
No cousins or other children to play with,
Perhaps you have wondered the same thing;
So did I.
At last he used to get so lonely, just from thinking how dreadful such a world would be, that he could stand it no longer and would run to his parents’ room and jump into bed by their side just to get this terrible thought out of his mind;
So did I — for .
Well, there was a time long, long, long ago when there were no men or women or children, of any kind in the whole world. Of course there were no houses, for there was no one to build them or to live in them, no towns or cities — nothing that people make. There were just animals — mastodons and dinosaurs, birds and butterflies, frogs and snakes, turtles and fish. Can you think of such a world as that?
Then,
long, long, long
before that, there was a time when there were and of any sort in the whole world; there were just growing plants. Can you think of such a world as that?
Then,
……
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