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人心中都有一個剋裏斯
拿到《荒野生存》,最讓我不解的是,一名年輕流浪者的經曆,如何能讓不少記者尾隨其蹤跡花一兩年解開其謎團,讓肖恩?潘執著十年等待剋裏斯父母的允許開拍電影?更重要的是,《荒野生存》雄踞《紐約時報》暢銷書排行榜兩年以上,牽動瞭幾百萬美國人的心。說到底,剋裏斯不過是一名不幸的流浪者。
“一韆個人眼中有一韆個哈姆雷特”,那是因為讀者們都加入瞭自己對生活的理解。剋裏斯奇跡般地得到那麼多人的關愛、牽掛、贊揚和苛責,是不是也可以說因為他們心中都有一個剋裏斯?可能有讀者要反駁,誰要去那種沒水沒電的地方風餐露宿,那是蚊子、野獸和瘋子的樂園。
然而,誰敢說自己不曾年輕過,不曾有過敏感、叛逆和渴望流浪的心?美國有“嬉皮士”、“垮掉的一代”;中國有無數為崔健的音樂瘋狂,曾經夢想抱著木吉他去流浪的年輕人。隻不過,我們絕大多數人在成長中學會謹慎理智,甚至反過來責難那些不切實際的遊民,正由於此,人類社會生生不息地繁衍、發展。但是,一小撮被視為另類的邊緣人,形體上的或精神上的遊民,他們放不下自己唯美的固執,在霓虹燈的陰影,在心靈的邊緣,堅持著那個浪漫得一塌糊塗,卻高貴動人的夢想。
擁擠的人群不一定代錶豐盈滿足,人們在寫字樓裏,在宴席中,在24小時燈火通明的大都市,不是也常常會感到空虛迷茫?隻不過,人們以為是自己擁有得不夠,因為貧乏而失落,於是更急切地去尋找更多的填充物,而不是一無所有的荒涼之地。
有人說,我們是不舉的衰神,絕大多數人沒有和這個社會較過一次真,隻是選擇默默地接受由彆人創造的社會、思想、規則甚至鄰居的看法。我們自己掂量瞭一下自己,決定還是把頭默默地低下去繼續,其間用很多精神食糧和愛情信仰調調味,讓它容易下咽一些。
成為傳奇的人物卻不接受這樣的活法,他們說,即使活不下去,也要活齣我自己。
也許,這麼多人言辭激烈地苛責剋裏斯,是因為剋裏斯讓他們想到從前的自己。曾經年輕、敏感、叛逆、偏激的自己。莫名心驚。莫名失落。
所有曾經發現內在聲音的人,都應該看看《荒野生存》。
內容簡介
In April 1992 a young man from a well-to-do family hitchhiked to Alaska and walked alone into the wilderness north of Mt. McKinley. His name was Christopher Johnson McCandless. He had given $25,000 in savings to charity, abandoned his car and most of his possessions, burned all the cash in his wallet, and invented a new life for himself. Four months later, his decomposed body was found by a moose hunter. How McCandless came to die is the unforgettable story of Into the Wild.
Immediately after graduating from college in 1991, McCandless had roamed through the West and Southwest on a vision quest like those made by his heroes Jack London and John Muir. In the Mojave Desert he abandoned his car, stripped it of its license plates, and burned all of his cash. He would give himself a new name, Alexander Supertramp, and , unencumbered by money and belongings, he would be free to wallow in the raw, unfiltered experiences that nature presented. Craving a blank spot on the map, McCandless simply threw the maps away. Leaving behind his desperate parents and sister, he vanished into the wild.
Jon Krakauer constructs a clarifying prism through which he reassembles the disquieting facts of McCandless's short life. Admitting an interst that borders on obsession, he searches for the clues to the dries and desires that propelled McCandless. Digging deeply, he takes an inherently compelling mystery and unravels the larger riddles it holds: the profound pull of the American wilderness on our imagination; the allure of high-risk activities to young men of a certain cast of mind; the complex, charged bond between fathers and sons.
When McCandless's innocent mistakes turn out to be irreversible and fatal, he becomes the stuff of tabloid headlines and is dismissed for his naiveté, pretensions, and hubris. He is said to have had a death wish but wanting to die is a very different thing from being compelled to look over the edge. Krakauer brings McCandless's uncompromising pilgrimage out of the shadows, and the peril, adversity , and renunciation sought by this enigmatic young man are illuminated with a rare understanding--and not an ounce of sentimentality. Mesmerizing, heartbreaking, Into the Wild is a tour de force. The power and luminosity of Jon Krakauer's stoytelling blaze through every page.
《荒野生存》同名電影由肖恩·潘執著10年傾情編導。紐約時報評論“令人震懾,讓人感動,一個探索人類心靈深處某種追尋的動人故事。”
我們究竟是誰?我們究竟何在?什麼是生命中必要的事情?生活從來都不詩情畫意。因此,無論如何,記得給自己留條迴來的路。
扣動美國人心弦的阿拉斯加之謎:
為什麼富傢子弟、名牌大學畢業生放棄一切走進阿拉斯加荒野?
為瞭逃離沉重的傢庭桎梏?躲避復雜的人際關係?
渴望驚心動魄的冒險?還是執著探尋靈魂之鄉?
為什麼他在萍水相逢的過客心中都留下瞭刻骨銘心的印記?
為何一個無名的旅行者竟引起美國媒體的爭相報道?
為何一個年輕流浪者在美國主流社會颳起一陣閱讀、討論鏇風?
記者喬恩·剋拉考爾沿著他的足跡奔走於美國西部,走訪與他的旅途曾有交集的人,閱讀他留下的謎樣日記、照片、書籍和信件,並毫無保留地講述自己年輕時的“魔指”峰冒險,以及使他醉心戶外探險的傢庭、心理因素,試圖解開這個“阿拉斯加之謎”。
作者簡介
Jon Krakauer is the author of Under the Banner of Heaven, Eiger Dreams, Into the Wild, and Into Thin Air and is editor of the Modern Library Exploration series.
精彩書評
"Terrifying...Eloquent...A heart-rending drama of human yearning."
--New York Times
"A narrative of arresting force. Anyone who ever fancied wandering off to face nature on its own harsh terms should give a look. It's gripping stuff."
--Washington Post
"Compelling and tragic...Hard to put down."
--San Francisco Chronicle
"Engrossing...with a telling eye for detail, Krakauer has captured the sad saga of a stubborn, idealistic young man."
--Los Angeles Times Book Review
"It may be nonfiction, but Into the Wild is a mystery of the highest order."
--Entertainment Weekly
前言/序言
THE ALASKA INTERIOR
April 27th, 1992Greetings from Fairbanks! This is the last you shall hear from me, Wayne. Arrived here 2 days ago. It was very difficult to catch rides in the Yukon Territory. But I finally got here.
Please return all mail I receive to the sender. It might be a very long time before I return South. If this adventure proves fatal and you don't ever hear from me again I want you to know you're a great man. I now walk into the wild. --Alex.
(Postcard received by Wayne Westerberg in Carthage, South Dakota.)
Jim Gallien had driven four miles out of Fairbanks when he spotted the hitchhiker standing in the snow beside the road, thumb raised high, shivering in the gray Alaska dawn. He didn't appear to be very old: eighteen, maybe nineteen at most. A rifle protruded from the young man's backpack, but he looked friendly enough; a hitchhiker with a Remington semiautomatic isn't the sort of thing that gives motorists pause in the forty-ninth state. Gallien steered his truck onto the shoulder and told the kid to climb in.
The hitchhiker swung his pack into the bed of the Ford and introduced himself as Alex. "Alex?" Gallien responded, fishing for a last name.
"Just Alex," the young man replied, pointedly rejecting the bait. Five feet seven or eight with a wiry build, he claimed to be twenty-four years old and said he was from South Dakota. He explained that he wanted a ride as far as the edge of Denali National Park, where he intended to walk deep into the bush and "live off the land for a few months."
Gallien, a union electrician, was on his way to Anchorage, 240 miles beyond Denali on the George Parks Highway; he told Alex he'd drop him off wherever he wanted. Alex's backpack looked as though it weighed only twenty-five or thirty pounds, which struck Gallien--an accomplished hunter and woodsman--as an improbably light load for a stay of several months in the backcountry, especially so early in the spring. "He wasn't carrying anywhere near as much food and gear as you'd expect a guy to be carrying for that kind of trip," Gallien recalls.
The sun came up. As they rolled down from the forested ridges above the Tanana River, Alex gazed across the expanse of windswept muskeg stretching to the south. Gallien wondered whether he'd picked up one of those crackpots from the lower forty-eight who come north to live out ill-considered Jack London fantasies. Alaska has long been a magnet for dreamers and misfits, people who think the unsullied enormity of the Last Frontier will patch all the holes in their lives. The bush is an unforgiving place, however, that cares nothing for hope or longing.
"People from Outside," reports Gallien in a slow, sonorous drawl, "they'll pick up a copy of Alaska magazine, thumb through it, get to thinkin' 'Hey, I'm goin' to get on up there, live off the land, go claim me a piece of the good life.' But when they get here and actually head out into the bush--well, it isn't like the magazines make it out to be. The rivers are big and fast. The mosquitoes eat you alive. Most places, there aren't a lot of animals to hunt. Livin' in the bush isn't no picnic."
It was a two-hour drive from Fairbanks to the edge of Denali Park. The more they talked, the less Alex struck Gallien as a nutcase. He was congenial and seemed well educated. He peppered Gallien with thoughtful questions about the kind of small game that live in the country, the kinds of berries he could eat--"that kind of thing."
Still, Gallien was concerned. Alex admitted that the only food in his pack was a ten-pound bag of rice. His gear seemed exceedingly minimal for the harsh conditions of the interior, which in April still lay buried under the winter snowpack. Alex's cheap leather hiking boots were neither waterproof nor well insulated. His rifle was only .22 caliber, a bore too small to rely on if he expected to kill large animals like moose and caribou, which he would have to eat if he hoped to remain very long in the country. He had no ax, no bug dope, no snowshoes, no compass. The only navigational aid in his possession was a tattered state road map he'd scrounged at a gas station.
A hundred miles out of Fairbanks the highway begins to climb into the foothills of the Alaska Range. As the truck lurched over a bridg
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