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對於研究興趣在語言類型和語言共性、語言比較、曆時語言學、語言習得、語言認知等領域的讀者而言，《語言類型學》都是一部有價值的著作。

內容簡介

《語言類型學》作者在大量不同語言的資料和例證的基礎上，對語言類型學作瞭全新和深入的介紹。《語言類型學》的特色是著重對此領域中的主要問題，如基本語序、格標記、關係從句、緻使構式等進行瞭具體而詳細的研究，通過具體案例研究，揭示瞭如何發現和解釋語言類型的係統模式，以及這些模式所受的限製。另外，《語言類型學》還討論瞭一些實用的問題和方法，如語料的采集和語言樣本的製作，最後《語言類型學》探討瞭語言類型學在曆時語言學、語言習得等其他領域中的應用問題。

內頁插圖

目錄

給中國讀者的前言
Preface
導讀
Abbreviario
Acknowledgements
1 Introducing linguistic typology
1.1 What do linguistic typologists study?
1.2 Typological analysis
13 Typology of language universals
1.4 Language universals and linguistic typology

1.5 Assumptions and problems in typological analysis
1.5.1 Cross-linguistic comparability
1.5.2 The Principle of Uniformitarianism
1.5.3 Approaches to language sampling
1.5.4 Determining language sample sizes
1.5.5 Problems with data
1.6 Partial typology VS.holistic typology
1.7 Organization ofthe rest ofthe book

2 Basic WOrd Order
2.1What is basic word order?
2.2 Early research on basic word order
2.2.1 The inception of word order typology
2.2.2 The OV-VO typology
2.2.3 Making language universals exceptionless
2.3 Explaining the distribution of the basic clausal word orders
2.4 Back to the OV-VO typology：the Branching Direction Theory
2.5 Seeking a global explanation：the Early Immediate Constituents Theory
2.6 From word order to morpheme order：the suffixing preference
2.7 Closing remarks

3 Case marking
3.1 Introduction
3.2 AS and P, and types of case marking
3.2.1 Nominative-accusative system
3.2.2 Ergative-absolutive system
3.2.3 Tripartite system
3.2.4 AP/S system
3.2.5 Neutral system

3.3 More types of case marking
3.3.1 Split-ergative system
3.3.2 Active-stative system
3.3.3 Direct-inverse system
3.4 Distribution of the case marking systems
3.5 The discriminatory view of case marking
3.6 The indexing view of case marking
3.7 The discriminatory view vs. the indexing view
3.8 The Nominal Hierarchy and the split-ergative system
3.9 Towards a unified explanation： attention flow and viewpoint
3.10 Ergativity from discourse to grammar

3.11 Case marking in altered or non-basic constructions
3.11.1 Passive
3.11.2 Antipassive
3.11.3 Noun incorporation
3.11.4 Advancement of obliques to P
3.12 Syntactic ergativity
3.13 Head marking vs. dependent marking
3.14 Case marking type and word order type

4 Relative clauses
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The position of the head noun vis-a-vis the restricting clause
4.3 Expression of the head noun
4.3.1 The obliteration strategy
4.3.2 The pronoun-retention strategy
4.3.3 The relative-pronoun strategy
4.3.4 Language-internal distribution of the relativization strategies
4.4 Accessibility Hierarchy： accessibility to relativization
4.5 Conspiracy in relativization
4.6 Correlations between RC-related properties
4.7 The head noun in the main clause
4.8 Subject primacy vs. discourse preferences in relativization
4.9 RC type and word order type
4.10 The role of processing in the distribution of RC types
4.11 The All and structural complexity

5 Causatives
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The morphologically based typology of causative constructions
5.3 The syntax of the causee NP： the Case Hierarchy
5.4 Conspiracy in causativization
5.5 Doubling： coding vs. grammatical relation
5.6 Causation types and causative types
5.7 The case marking of the causee NP
5.8 The conceptual integration of the causee in the causative event
5.9 Towards a typology of causative constructions

6 The application of linguistic typology
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Linguistic typology and historical linguistics
6.2.1 Early attempts at word order reconstruction
6.2.2 Linguistic typology as a control on, and a tool in,reconstruction
6.2.3 Linguistic typology and linguistic prehistory
6.3 Linguistic typology and language acquisition
6.3.1 Accessibility to relativization in FLA
6.3.2 Accessibility to relativization in SLA
6.3.3 Two potential FLA/SLA areas of application
6.3.4 Closing remarks

7 European approaches to linguistic typology
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Leningrad Typology Group
7.3 The Cologne UNITYP Group
7.4 The Prague School Typology
7.5 Epilogue
Bibliography
Author Index
Language Index
Subject Index

前言/序言

　　一百多年以前GeorgvonderGabelentz首次使用瞭“語言類型學”這個名稱，自那以來，語言類型學已經有瞭長足的發展。尤其是在歐洲，隨著眾多激動人心的科研項目的開展，以及一批纔華橫溢的青年學者的湧現，這個領域正不斷壯大，嚮著10年前我們想象不到的眾多領域發展。更令人歡欣鼓舞的是，在沉迷於生成語法半個世紀後，一些亞洲國傢（特彆是中國、日本和韓國）也開始日益認真麵對語言類型學。

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　　按特徵對語言進行分類 　遠在19世紀初期，德國語言學傢 F.von施列格爾(1772～1829)就把世界諸語言分為3大類型,即孤立型、粘著型和屈摺型。後來洪堡特又增加瞭編插語或稱多式綜閤語。

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